The double-counted cost basis mistake on 1099-B
Compensation income and capital gain are different boxes. Mixing them without basis adjustments creates phantom tax.
Two events
Vest day: ordinary income hits the W-2 at FMV. Sale day: 1099-B reports proceeds. Your capital gain should generally start from basis that already reflects income recognized at vest (details depend on lot and withholding method).
Why brokers still mess this up
Some lots show unadjusted basis. Equity awards across multiple vests create many lots. Export the broker’s cost-basis detail; do not trust the summary PDF alone.
Filing checklist
- List each vest FMV already on the W-2.
- Match sale lots to vest lots.
- Adjust basis on Form 8949 when the 1099-B is incomplete.
- Keep grant/vest confirmations with the return package.
General information, not personalized advice.